MedDataToolValproate is a medication used to treat certain types of seizures, including complex partial seizures and absence seizures. It works by increasing the levels of a calming chemical in the brain, which helps to control seizures. This medication is given through an intravenous (IV) injection, starting at a dose of 10 to 15 mg per kilogram of body weight each day, and can be increased weekly, with a maximum dose of 60 mg per kilogram per day. It is important to note that valproate should not be used by pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant due to the risk of serious birth defects. Additionally, if you are taking other antiepileptic drugs like carbamazepine or phenytoin, your doctor may need to monitor your medication levels closely.
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Uses
- Complex partial seizures.
- Simple absence seizures.
- Complex absence seizures.
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Dosage
Adults and children over 10: Start at 10–15 mg/kg/day, max 60 mg/kg/day.
For complex partial seizures, increase by 5–10 mg/kg weekly.
For simple and complex absence seizures, increase by 5–10 mg/kg weekly.
Administer as a 60-minute intravenous infusion.
Always follow your doctor's specific instructions for your dose.
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Side effects
Common
Headachenauseavomitingdizzinessinjection site pain
Serious
Hepatic failurebirth defectspancreatitishyperammonemic encephalopathy
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Warnings
⚠ Important warnings
- Risk of liver failure, especially in children under 2.
- Can cause birth defects and decreased IQ in unborn children.
- Not for pregnant women or those planning pregnancy unless other treatments fail.
- Monitor for pancreatitis symptoms like abdominal pain and nausea.
- Use caution in patients with liver disease.
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Drug interactions
- Phenytoinincreases clearance of valproateMonitor
- Carbamazepinedecreases valproate levelsCaution
- Aspirinincreases free valproate levelsMonitor
- Carbapenem antibioticsmay reduce valproate effectivenessCaution
- Estrogen-containing contraceptivesmay decrease valproate levels.Caution
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Answers pulled from the FDA label only.
Medical Disclaimer: This content is provided for informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before taking any medication.
Data Source: Publicly available drug labeling information from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Data Source: Publicly available drug labeling information from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).